{"id":208,"date":"2026-04-22T03:46:07","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T03:46:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wartaistimewa.com\/?p=208"},"modified":"2026-04-22T03:46:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T03:46:07","slug":"menguak-sejarah-kesaksian-sri-sultan-hb-ix-tentang-penggagas-serangan-umum-1-maret-1949","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wartaistimewa.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/22\/menguak-sejarah-kesaksian-sri-sultan-hb-ix-tentang-penggagas-serangan-umum-1-maret-1949\/","title":{"rendered":"Menguak Sejarah: Kesaksian Sri Sultan HB IX tentang Penggagas Serangan Umum 1 Maret 1949"},"content":{"rendered":"

Polemik mengenai siapa sosok di balik ide Serangan Umum 1 Maret 1949 sempat menjadi perbincangan hangat. Namun, jika kita menilik kembali catatan historiografi, terdapat satu dokumen kunci yang membuka tabir tersebut: wawancara eksklusif Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono IX dengan BBC Siaran Indonesia pada tahun 1985.<\/p>\n

Titik Terang dalam Buku “Gelora Api Revolusi”<\/h3>\n

Wawancara tersebut kemudian diabadikan dalam buku berjudul ‘Gelora Api Revolusi, Sebuah Antologi Sejarah’<\/i> (1986). Menurut Sri Margana, sejarawan dari Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), momen inilah pertama kalinya Sri Sultan menyatakan secara terbuka kepada publik bahwa ialah yang memiliki ide awal serangan tersebut.<\/p>\n

Pernyataan ini menjadi sangat penting karena selama era Orde Baru, narasi sejarah yang dominan cenderung mengidentikkan peristiwa tersebut hanya dengan satu sosok tunggal, yaitu Letkol Soeharto.<\/p>\n

Awal Mula Ide: Kabar dari Radio<\/h3>\n

Dalam kesaksiannya, Sri Sultan mengungkapkan bahwa gagasan serangan muncul setelah ia mendengar berita dari BBC dan VOA melalui radio. Saat itu, ia mengetahui bahwa Dewan Keamanan PBB akan segera menyelenggarakan sidang untuk membahas situasi di Indonesia.<\/p>\n

Mendengar hal itu, Sultan melihat sebuah peluang emas untuk dua hal:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    Membangkitkan kembali semangat rakyat dan pejuang yang mulai lesu.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    Menarik perhatian dunia internasional bahwa Republik Indonesia masih eksis, meski Yogyakarta (ibu kota saat itu) telah diduduki Belanda.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Dari Surat ke Jenderal Sudirman hingga Pertemuan dengan Soeharto<\/h3>\n

    Langkah awal Sultan adalah mengirim surat kepada Panglima Besar Jenderal Sudirman untuk meminta izin melakukan serangan umum di siang hari. Setelah Jenderal Sudirman menyetujui rencana tersebut, Sultan diarahkan untuk berkoordinasi langsung dengan komandan di lapangan, yakni Letkol Soeharto.<\/p>\n

    Pertemuan antara Sultan dan Soeharto terjadi pada 14 Februari 1949. Meski rencana sempat bocor dan harus diundur dari tanggal 28 Februari, serangan akhirnya pecah pada 1 Maret jam enam pagi, tepat saat sirine tanda jam malam berakhir berbunyi.<\/p>\n

    Dampak Besar bagi Kedaulatan Negara<\/h3>\n

    Serangan tersebut berhasil menduduki Yogyakarta selama enam jam. Sultan sendiri yang menyarankan agar pasukan segera mengundurkan diri sebelum bantuan tank Belanda dari Magelang tiba, guna meminimalisir korban jiwa.<\/p>\n

    Meski singkat, dampaknya luar biasa. Kabar mengenai keberhasilan serangan ini disiarkan hingga ke PBB, yang kemudian memaksa Dewan Keamanan PBB mendesak Belanda kembali ke meja perundingan. Inilah yang menjadi cikal bakal Perjanjian Roem-Royen dan pengakuan kedaulatan Indonesia di akhir tahun 1949.<\/p>\n

    Historiografi yang Lebih Demokratis<\/h3>\n

    Hasil kajian akademik terhadap sekitar 30 karya sejarah, termasuk wawancara Sultan dengan BBC ini, menjadi landasan bagi lahirnya Keputusan Presiden Nomor 2 Tahun 2022 tentang Hari Penegakan Kedaulatan Negara.<\/p>\n

    Pemerintah menegaskan bahwa Serangan Umum 1 Maret bukanlah kerja satu orang, melainkan hasil kolektivitas antara tokoh sipil (Soekarno, Hatta, Sultan HB IX) dan militer (Jenderal Sudirman, Soeharto, dan para pejuang lainnya). Penulisan ulang sejarah ini bertujuan untuk menampilkan wajah sejarah yang lebih jujur, tanpa mengkultuskan satu individu secara berlebihan.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Sumber Referensi:<\/b> Artikel Suara.com (Maret 2022) berdasarkan naskah akademik Tim Sejarawan UGM dan buku “Gelora Api Revolusi”.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Polemik mengenai siapa sosok di balik ide Serangan Umum 1 Maret 1949 sempat menjadi perbincangan hangat. Namun, jika kita menilik kembali catatan historiografi, terdapat satu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":209,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-208","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interview"],"yoast_head":"\nMenguak Sejarah: Kesaksian Sri Sultan HB IX tentang Penggagas Serangan Umum 1 Maret 1949 - Warta Istimewa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wartaistimewa.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/22\/menguak-sejarah-kesaksian-sri-sultan-hb-ix-tentang-penggagas-serangan-umum-1-maret-1949\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Menguak Sejarah: Kesaksian Sri Sultan HB IX tentang Penggagas Serangan Umum 1 Maret 1949 - Warta Istimewa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Polemik mengenai siapa sosok di balik ide Serangan Umum 1 Maret 1949 sempat menjadi perbincangan hangat. 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